Cross-tie.



PATENTBD JUNE 25, 1907.

J. s. SGHAEPFER. @Ross TIE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 4. 1907.

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JOHN S. SCHAEFFER, OF BROOKVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

CROSS-TIE.

Specification of Letters Patent. i Application led March 4, 1907. Serial No. 360,467.

Patented June 25, 1907.

To (if/ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN S. SCHAEFFER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Brookville, in the county of Jefferson, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cross-Ties, of Whifzh the following is a specification.

This invention relates to railways and particularly to a cross tie for the tracks of rail- Ways.

An object of this invention is to provide a concrete lcross tie, the specic material being any suitable concrete in proper proportions to produce a stone-like Acomposition when dried and in connection therewith suitable yreinforce stri s of wire netting or like material embed ed in the said concrete.

It is also the purpose of the -lnventor to provide a concrete cross tie with suitable cushions and spike engaging members suitably 'tions w Aembedded 1n the concrete at the time the same is molded and I prefer that| the said cushions shall consist -of a series of blocks of alternate thin layers of Wood, paper or other yielding material suitably treated bythe application of coal tar, asphalt cement or other approved preservative, the said layers of wood and pa er resting on strands of wire netting whio extend ongitudinally of the Vcross tie from end to end under the said layers of IWood orp'aper 5 itis furthermore, an object of this invention to provide a Wire 'netting for the body of the cross tie which is preferably tubiilar and' extending from end to end thereof for the purpose of reinforcing the material of the cross tie.

It is furthermore, an object of this invention to rovide a tie having depending porliich are preferably under the points ofl contact of the rails and tie whereby the said tie is reinforced at these points; the said depending portions further serving as an anchoring means for preventing creeping of the :said lcross ties owing to the fact t at the earthV would` pack around the shoulders of the depending portions and securely anchor it in lace. p As a modification of the device referred to I mayv utilize practically the same cross tie and reinforce except that the said cross tre may Abe provided with a cushion comprising a plank or board suitably embedded 1n the.

clamping the rail in place or, I may utilize a yoke structure which lis similar to the U-shaped bolts heretofore referred to except that t e ends would be devoid of threadsy and lthe ysaid ends would be bent to overlie the anges of the rail for the purposeof retaining it in place.

A still further object of this invention is to' provide a cross tie which tapers in height or vertical thickness from one end to the other for the urpose of elevating the outside rail When t e said cross ties are employed' at curves ofthe track,- said construction per` mitting the base of/the cross tie to lie fiat or horizontal While the pitch ofthe outer rail is regulated by' the thickness of heightv of the cross tie.

Finally an object of this invention is `to provide a cross tie of the character noted, which will possess advantages in points of sim licity, efliciency and durability proving at tliesame time comparatively inexpensive to manufacture. y I

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the details of construction. and in the arrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

In describing the invention indetail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification Wherein ike charactersdenote corresponding parts in the several views, in which Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a cross tie embodyin the invention with the rails in section. g. 2, is a lon itudinal sectional view, showing a metho of construction. Fig. '3, is a transverse sectional' view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fi 4, is a transverse sectional viewv on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5, is a view in elevation of a rail clamp. Fig.' 6, is a detail view showing another means for fastening the rails in place. these drawings, A indicates a cross tie IIO which the mold is-filled to the top with conconsisting of a concrete base having a series of layers of wire netting for the, purpose of reinforcing it. In producing this cross tie I refer to employ a mold of the desired conguratipn to produce beveled edges on the cross tie and the said mold- Should be provided with holes near the ends iixing the gage required for bolts or bars of `iron for holding the rails.

In the production of the cross tie, wire netting is spread on the bottom of the mold the full length thereof and the said wire netting is extended up the sides-and above the top of the box about six inches (6). The size of the wire and meshes conform to the strength required. Near the end of the 'box at points corresponding with the gagerequir'ed, the cushions for the rail are placed which, in this form comprise thin layers of Wood or papier mch or other yielding material of suitable size. It is my purpose, as I have heretofore stated, to treat the wood or papier mch with a preservative consisting of coal tar or asphalt( cement. mch blocks B,.are placed in position alternatelyy with intermediate layers of the wire nettingv C, until the 'cushion formed thereby is from one-third to one-half ofthe depth of the cross tie although the proportion orV size of the cushion with respect to the cross tie may be varied to suit particular require- ,y ments. The cushion thus formed of alter# nate layers of wood, or other elastic material and the'wire netting has uneven and projecting sides and ends to dove-tail in and be rmly held by the body of the tie. The box is then tilledwith concrete Within one-half inch (2-"j of the topand the said body of the i cross tie has strips or rolls ofwire netting D, extending from endto endof the box for the purpose of reinforcing the`central ortion of the cross tie. The wire netting wv l"ch here- -tofore has extended above the sides of the box or mold is then bent over the'concrete and is suitably fastened along theedges, after crete along the maj or yportion thereof. In order to provide for the anchoring devices of the cross tie, two or more projections are formed by adding concrete material to the top of the cross tie at the points desired, it being understood that the top of the crosstie while under construction is in reality the bottom of the tie when in use and hence the rojection so formed would be on the base o the tie after it is removed from themol'd.

In constructing a cross tie similar to that shown in Fig. 2, the cross tie E, is provided with three projections e, on the base which are formed in the manner heretofore stated and, in this form, instead of employing two cushions registering with the rails, I may employ a plank I?, embedded in the upper The wood and papier Y crete for supporting the rails.

surface of the cross tie and resting on the wire netting G, which is also embedded in the concrete forming the cross tie. In this form, -the strips of wire netting or the rolls extend from end to endand reinforce the struc ure. l

In the device shown in Fig. l, the rails are secured in place .by means of the spikes H,

but in the form shown in Fig. 2, I employ U- 'shaped bolts having the looped end thereof engaging with the plates I, embedded inthe concrete, the said plates I having apertures for the reception of the Shanks of the bolts which Shanks extend through apertures of the cross tie and cushion and projection a `suitable distance to receive the clamping plates which engage the base of the rail, the said clamping plates being secured in place through.- the lmedium of nuts run on the screw threaded ends of the bolt.

If desired, clamps J may be substituted for the U-shaped bolts, the ends of the said clamps being applied to the plates and to the cross tie and cushion in exactly the same re lation as the bolts are applied in Fig. 2. By employing the clamp J, the clamping plates of Fig. 2, are done away with and the ends of .the clamp are bent to overlie and engage the base of the rail so that said rail is held firmly in position.

- A further modification of the retaining device is shown as comprising a plate K, having threaded apertures. The plate K, is ernbedded in the cross tie at the point that the plate Lis placed in Fig. 2, and thel bolts Z,.

are etgtended through the apertures of the cushion and tie and are threaded into the plate K. The bolts thus employed are also run through the clamping plates which engage theties of the rail and therefore said rail is held in position. It will bejap arent that the substitution of the plate K or the plate I, can readily take lace Without departing from the scope o the invention as roo' the fastening means are analogous and would fall within the scope of the claims.

VHaving fully-described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a cross tie, a vconcrete or plastic-body, a reinforce extending under Vthe bottom along the sides and over the top of said body, a cushion comprising alternate layers of netting and yielding liber embedded in the con- JOHN S. SCHAEFFER. A

l/Vitnesses: n

fC. C. BeUsoo'rnn, Jonrv M. Werra. 

